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The First Windmills And Some Information About The Power Of The Mills
The first windmills that were used in Holland for water draining are listed in written documents during 1414. Windmills designed for graining, have been around there two hundred years before that. Read more about the history of this. The oldest known documents that mentions a windmill are the rights offered to the city's bourgeois, in 1274. The feudal superior could grant the right of establishing a windmill, to constrain the workers to move cereals to his windmill, and also to forbid the construction or the planting of trees near the windmill for ensuring the strongest wind.
In the following years, windmills extended over Holland. Old towers that have been used for keeping gun powder were turned into mills. Yet the real improvement of Dutch windmills happens at the end of the XVI century and the beginning of the next one. The windmills started to be used more and more to make all sorts of manufactures. They were constructed from heavy wood, brought in ships from heavily forested lands from around the Baltic Sea.
The most affordable power source for the Dutchmen was the force of the wind. Larger and stronger windmills could drain excessive amounts of water. That was extremely necessary as the land of Holland was constantly in the danger of being drowned by water. Because its territory was under the sea level, several great cities such as Amsterdam and Haarlem were threaten to be flooded. To illustrate of the power of the mills, within just one year, the Beemster Lake was emptied by twenty six windmills.
Around the year 1850, approximately 9000 windmills were functional in Holland, possibly the greatest number that ever existed there. Subsequently, their number started to decrease. At the end of the XIX century there were only 2500 windmills that remained.
In 1920, an idea for making an association to protect the windmills was about to take shape. This association was born in 1923, in Amsterdam. As result of a petition the Dutch society of windmills wrote, in 1924 a letter to the minister of Education, Arts and Science which highlighted the significance of conserving these monuments. Same letters were submitted in 1930 and in 1939.
By the first of January 1961, an agreement has become operative and according to it, anyone who maintained a working windmill received a subvention from the state. Usually, a windmill owned by an old person, who can't keep it in working environments, is taken by the governments and turned into a historic monument. Normally, it shelters a museum or it becomes a center of receptions put-together in the honor of foreign guests.
Holland greatly owes its existence to the windmills, because, with their aid, water was kept from flooding the land and can now hold a great population.
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